Lesson 37 ----- Time. | Lesson Index

Lesson 37. Time.

समयः

Do you ever get this feeling that Time seems to rule our lives? Nothing and I mean NOTHING gets done without one eye on the clock. ( And if Darwin's theory of evolution is right, it beats me why the human race is not squint eyed.)

How to read time.

Without much preamble, first, let me give you the words for the hour....
1 o'clock. एकवादनम्
2 o'clock. द्विवादनम्
3 o'clock. त्रिवादनम्
4 o'clock. चतुर्वादनम्
5 o'clock पञ्चवादनम्
6 o'clock. षट्वादनम्
7 o'clock. सप्तवादनम्
8 o'clock. अष्टवादनम्
9 o'clock. नववादनम्
10 o'clock. दशवादनम्
11 o'clock. एकादशवादनम्
12 o'clock. द्वादशवादनम्

These forms become neuter and singular and will go like वनम् , therefore.....

I go to school at 7 o'clock. अहं सप्तवादने विद्यालयं गच्छामि ।

Now the words for--- the quarter past सपादवादनम् , half past सार्धवादनम् ,
quarter to पादोनवादनम्
Add them to the hour like this....
5: 15 सपादपञ्चवादनम्
6:30 सार्धषट्वादनम्
8:45 पादोननववादनम् ( a quarter to nine.)

And the rest.....

5 minutes past पञ्चाधिक
10 minutes past दशाधिक
20 minutes past विंशत्यधिक
25 minutes past पञ्चविंशत्यधिक
5 minutes to पञ्चोन
10 minutes to दशोन
20 minutes to विंशत्युन
25 minutes to. पञ्चविंशत्युन

Here's how you add them to the hour:

5 minutes past 9 पञ्चाधिकनववादनम्
10 minutes past 9 दशाधिकनववादनम्
20 minutes past 9 विंशत्यधिकनववादनम्
25 minutes past 9 पञ्चविंशत्यधिकनववादनम्

5 minutes to 9 पञ्चोननववादनम्
10 minutes to 9 दशोननववादनम्
20 minutes to 9 विंशत्युननववादनम्
25 minutes to 9 पञ्चविंशत्युननववादनम्

Since you will use the words for time only in the locative case... the सप्तमी विभक्तिः , you will have sentences like this...

I play in the park at 5: 15 in the evening. सपादपञ्चवादने सायङ्काले अहम् उद्याने क्रीडामि ।

That's fairly simple isn't it? It helps you describe your daily routine, your दिनचर्या , rather accurately...second for second.

Now how about a list of time related stuff?

संस्कृत	हिन्दी	English
घटिका	घडी	Watch / Clock
विकला	सैकिण्ड	Second
कला	मिनट	Minute
होरा	घण्टा	Hour
दिवसः	दिन	Day
रात्रिः	रात	Night
प्रातः	सुबह	Morning
सायम्	सायं	Evening
पूर्वाह्नम्	पहला प्रहर	Before Noon
अपराह्नम्	दूसरा प्रहर	After Noon
मध्याह्नम्	दोपहर	Noon
अर्धरात्रिः	आधी रात	Midnight
ब्रह्ममुहूर्तम्	ब्रह्ममुहूर्त	Early morning
सप्ताहः	सप्ताह	Week
पक्षः	पक्ष	Fortnight
कृष्णपक्षः	कृष्णपक्ष	The dark fortnight. The fortnight of the waning moon.
शुक्लपक्षः .	शुक्लपक्ष	The bright fortnight. The fortnight of the waxing moon
वर्षः	साल , वर्ष	Year
अवधिः/ समयः	समय	Time
वादनम्	बजे	o'clock.

With that we can start with the exercises related to time.

We move on to Lesson 37 A for Exercises

***********************

Prev Lesson 36 B --- Answers to Lesson 36 A. (Answers to Lesson 36 A.) Next Lesson 37 A --- Appetizer Lesson Working with Time. (Working with Time.)